Kumareshbabu, S.P. and Balaraju, J.N. and Ananth, V. and Sen, U.
(1999)
The development of surface modified bipolar graphite electrode for electrowinning of
Alkali and alkaline earth metals.
Bulletin of Electrochemistry , 15 (9-10).
pp. 329-332.
ISSN 0256-1654
Abstract
Alkali and alkaline earth metals like sodium, magnesium etc. are produced most effectively by molten salt electrolysis. The bipolar technology is proved to be energy efficient and an easy method to increase the space-time yield of the electrolytic cells. Graphite plate cladded with a metal plate on one side of it is used as the bipolar electrode in electrowinning of magnesium. This is proved to.. be a costlier and not fully reliable one for longer operation of the cells. The life of such heterogeneous bipolar electrodes is normally short. A stable and long lasting bipolar electrode is the need of the hour. Non-stoichiometric transition metal carbides are good electronic conductors at high temperatures. These carbides are more stable and they are not get affected by the molten halides. Graphite plate having such carbide layer on one of its surface can replace the graphite-metal heterogeneous bipolar electrode for the electrolysis. The graphite surface was modified to titanium carbide by electrolytically depositing titanium metal on to the graphite surface from the titanium ion containing molten chloride system at around 1073 K. Formation of titanium carbide on the graphite surface was identified using XRD technique. The graphite rod with modified surface was used as cathode in electrolysing molten magnesium chloride. It wa found that this graphite rod was stable while the plain graphite rod failed within an hour of electrolysis.
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