Premkumar, T. and Ramesh, R. and Lin, Y.Y. and Fey, G.T.K. (2004) Tin-filled carbon nanotubes as insertion anode materials for lithium-ion batteries. Electrochemistry Communications, 6 (6). pp. 520-525. ISSN 1388-2481

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Abstract

The electrochemical lithium insertion properties of tin-filled multi-walled carbon nanotubes are described. Carbon nanotubes synthesized by the catalytic decomposition method were purified, oxidatively opened, and filled with a tin salt by capillary action. Two methods, an NaBH4-reduction process and a hydrothermal process, were employed to reduce the salt to the metal. Structural characterization of the products was done by X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. At a 0.1 C rate, the hydrothermally-filled nanotubes gave first-cycle insertion and deinsertion capacities of 1916 and 834 mAh/g, respectively, while the NaBH4-reduced sample gave 2474 and 889 mAh/g. This was much higher than those for the opened carbon nanotubes, which were 1281 and 340 mAh/g, respectively. The reversible capacities of the tin-filled nanotubes were remarkably high, stabilizing in the 720– 800 mAh/g region over the first 20 cycles. The electrochemical performance of the materials is correlated with their structural characteristics.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Carbon nanotubes; Carbon anodes; Tin-filled carbon nanotubes; Lithium insertion; Lithium-ion battery
Subjects:	Lithium batteries Electrochemical Power Sources
Divisions:	UNSPECIFIED
Depositing User:	ttbdu cecri
Date Deposited:	05 Apr 2012 10:50
Last Modified:	05 Apr 2012 10:50
URI:	http://cecri.csircentral.net/id/eprint/936

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